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Emperor Ningzong of Song

Emperor Ningzong 寧宗 (1168–1224) was the 13th emperor of the song dynasty who reigned from 1194 to 1224. His temple name means "Tranquil Ancestor". His reign was noted for the cultural and intellectual achievements. In particular, Zhu Xi wrote some of his most famous works during this period. However, Ningzong personally was known for aversion to the daoxue spread at court.

On the political side however, Emperor Ningzong saw his government being plagued by rising inflation that threatened the economy and the military advances by the Jurchen people from the north.