Mongolia

Capital: Ulan Bator Population: 3,179,997 Official Languages: Mongolian Time Zone: +7 to +8 Dialing Code: +976

Government: Parliamentary republic Area: 1,564,115.75 km2 largest city: Ulan Bator Currency : Tögrög ISO 3166 code: MN

Basic Info

Mongolia, is a landlocked country in East and Central Asia. It borders Russia to the north and China to the south, east and west. Although Mongolia does not share a border with Kazakhstan, its westernmost point is only 38 kilometres (24 mi) from Kazakhstan's eastern tip. Ulan Bator, the capital and largest city, is home to about 45% of the population. Mongolia's political system is a parliamentary republic.

Geography

At 1,564,116 km2 (603,909 sq mi), Mongolia is the world's 19th-largest country (after Iran). It is significantly larger than the next-largest country, Peru. It mostly lies between latitudes 41° and 52°N (a small area is north of 52°), and longitudes 87° and 120°E.

Climate

A unique microclimate is the fertile grassland-forest region of central and eastern Arkhangai Province (Tsetserleg) and northern Ovorkhangai Province (Arvaikheer) where January temperatures are on average the same and often higher than the warmest desert regions to the south in addition to being more stable. The Khangai Mountains play a certain role in forming this microclimate.

In Tsetserleg, the warmest town in this microclimate, nighttime January temperatures rarely go under -30°C while daytime January temperatures often reach 0°C to 5°C and locals rarely have the stinging sensations associated with early frostbite. In Mongolia, being exposed to temperatures ranging from -30°C to -40°C for more than 60 minutes may increase the risk of frostbite. A strong wind at those temperatures almost certainly leads to frostbite even for Mongolians (who have special physical adaptations to the cold).

Religion

According to the 2010 National Census, among Mongolians aged 15 and above, 53% were Buddhists,
while 39% were non-religious.

Administrative divisions

Mongolia is divided into 21 aimags (provinces), which are in turn divided into 329 sums (districts). The capital Ulaanbaatar is administrated separately as a capital city (municipality) with provincial status.

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